Electrical Engineering

1. Circuits—Theory :

Circuit components; network graphs; KCL, KVL; Circuit analysis methods : nodal analysis, mesh

analysis; basic network theorems and applications; transient analysis : RL, RC and RLC circuits; sinusoidal

steady state analysis; resonant circuits; coupled circuits; balanced 3-phase circuits. Two-port networks.

2. Signals and Systems :

Representation of continuous-time and discrete-time signals and systems; LTI systems; convolution;

impulse response; time-domain analysis of LTI systems based on convolution and differential/difference

equations. Fourier transform, Laplace transform, Z-transform, Transfer function. Sampling and recovery of

signals DFT, FFT Processing of analog signals through discrete-time systems.

3. E.M. Theory :

Maxwell’s equations, wave propagation in bounded media. Boundary conditions, reflection and

refraction of plane waves. Transmission lines : travelling and standing waves, impedance matching, Smith

chart.

4. Analog Electronics :

Characteristics and equivalent circuits (large and small-signal) of Diode, BJT, JFET and MOSFET.

Diode circuits : Clipping, clamping, rectifier. Biasing and bias stability. FET amplifiers. Current mirror;

Amplifiers : single and multi-stage, differential, operational feedback and power. Analysis of

amplifiers; frequency-response of amplifiers. OPAMP circuits. Filters; sinusoidal oscillators : criterion for

oscillation; single-transistor and OPAMP configurations. Function generators and wave-shaping circuits.

Linear and switching power supplies.

5. Digital Electronics :

Boolean algebra; minimisation of Boolean functions; logic gates; digital IC families (DTL, TTL, ECL,

MOS, CMOS). Combinational circuits : arithmetic circuits, code converters, multiplexers and decoders.

Sequential circuits: latches and flip-flops, counters and shift-registers. Comparators, timers, multivibrators.

Sample and hold circuits, ADCs and DACs. Semiconductor memories. Logic implementation using

programmable devices (ROM, PLA, FPGA).

6. Energy Conversion :

Principles of electromechanical energy conversion : Torque and emf in rotating machines. DC

machines : characteristics and performance analysis; starting and speed control of motors. Transformers :

principles of operation and analysis; regulation, efficiency; 3-phase transformers. 3-phase induction

machines and synchronous machines : characteristics and performance analysis; speed control.

7. Power Electronics and Electric Drives :

Semi-conductor power devices : diode, transistor, thyristor, triac, GTO and MOSFET-static

characteristics and principles of operation; triggering circuits; phase control rectifiers; bridge converters :

fully-controlled and half-controlled; principles of thyristor choppers and inverters; DC-DC converters;

Switch mode inverter; basic concepts of speed control of dc and ac motor drives applications of variable-

speed drives.

8. Analog Communication :

Random variables : continuous, discrete; probability, probability functions. Statistical averages;

probability models; Random signals and noise : white noise, noise equivalent bandwidth; signal

transmission with noise; signal to noise ratio. Linear CW modulation : Amplitude modulation : DSB, DSB-

SC and SSB. Modulators and Demodulators; Phase and Frequency modulation : PM & FM signals; narrows

band FM; generation & detection of FM and PM, Deemphasis, Preemphasis. CW modulation system :

Superhetrodyne receivers, AM receivers, communication receivers, FM receivers, phase locked loop, SSB

receiver Signal to noise ratio calculation or AM and FM receivers.

1. Control Systems :

Elements of control systems; block-diagram representations; open-loop & closed-loop systems;

principles and applications of feed-back. Control system components. LTI systems : time-domain and

transform-domain analysis. Stability : Routh Hurwitz criterion, root-loci, Bode-plots and polor plots,

Nyquist’s criterion; Design of lead-lad compensators. Proportional, PI, PID controllers. State-variable

representation and analysis of control systems.

2. Microprocessors and Microcomputers :

PC organisation; CPU, instruction set, register set timing diagram, programming, interrupts, memory

interfacing, I/O interfacing, programmable peripheral devices.

3. Measurement and Instrumentation :

Error analysis; measurement of current voltage, power, energy, power-factor, resistance, inductance,

capacitance and frequency; bridge measurements. Signal conditioning circuit; Electronic measuring

instruments : multimeter, CRO, digital voltmeter, frequency counter, Q-meter, spectrum-analyser,

distortion-meter. Transducers : thermocouple, thermistor, LVDT, strain-guage, piezo-electric crystal.

4. Power Systems: Analysis and Control :

Steady-state performance of overhead transmission lines and cables; principles of active and reactive

power transfer and distribution; per-unit quantities; bus admittance and impedance matrices; load flow;

voltage control and power factor correction; economic operation; symmetrical components, analysis of

symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults. Concepts of system stability : swing curves and equal area criterion.

Static VAR system. Basic concepts of HVDC transmission.

5. Power System Protection :

Principles of overcurrent, differential and distance protection. Concept of solid state relays. Circuit

breakers. Computer aided protection : introduction; line, bus, generator, transformer protection; numeric

relays and application of DSP to protection.

6. Digital Communication :

Pulse code modulation (PCM), differential pulse code modulation (DPCM), delta modulation (DM),

Digital modulation and demodulation schemes : amplitude, phase and frequency keying schemes (ASK,

PSK, FSK). Error control coding : error detection and correction, linear block codes, convolution codes.

Information measure and source coding. Data networks, 7-layer architecture.